
Pre -Employment Medical Exam

What Does a Pre-Employment Medical Exam Typically Include?
What Does a Pre-Employment Medical Exam Typically Include?
The specific tests and evaluations can vary significantly depending on the job's requirements, industry regulations, and the employer's policies. However, common components often include:
1. Medical History Review: The healthcare provider will ask detailed questions about your past illnesses, surgeries, injuries, chronic conditions, current medications (prescription and over-the-counter), allergies, and family medical history. It's important to be honest and thorough.
2. Physical Examination: This is a general assessment of your overall health and usually includes:
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Vital Signs: Measurement of blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature.
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Height and Weight: To calculate Body Mass Index (BMI).
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General Appearance: Observation for any unusual bruising, swelling, or other signs of underlying conditions.
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Systems Review: Listening to your heart and lungs, checking reflexes, assessing range of motion, and examining your abdomen, ears, eyes, nose, throat, neck, skin, and lymph nodes.

3. Vision and Hearing Tests:
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Vision: Often involves a standard eye chart (Snellen chart) to check visual acuity. Depending on the job, tests for depth perception, color vision, and peripheral vision may also be included.
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Hearing: An audiometry test may be performed to assess your ability to hear different frequencies, especially for jobs in noisy environments or those requiring good auditory communication.
4. Drug and Alcohol Screening: This is a very common component. It usually involves a urine or blood sample to test for illegal substances and sometimes alcohol.
5. Laboratory Tests:
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Blood Tests: May include a complete blood count (CBC), comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP - to check kidney and liver function, blood sugar, etc.), lipid panel (cholesterol), and sometimes tests for infectious diseases (e.g., Hepatitis, HIV) depending on the job.
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Urinalysis: To screen for kidney or bladder disorders, diabetes, and drug use.
6. Physical Abilities Assessment (Functional Capacity Exam): For physically demanding roles, this evaluates your ability to perform specific job tasks. It might include:
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Lifting and carrying
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Pushing and pulling
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Bending, stooping, squatting
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Standing or sitting for prolonged periods
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Grip strength
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Balance and coordination
7. Immunization Status/Titers: Especially in healthcare settings, employers may require proof of immunity to certain infectious diseases (e.g., measles, mumps, rubella, varicella, hepatitis B) or require specific vaccinations.
8. Tuberculosis (TB) Testing: A skin test (PPD) or blood test (e.g., Quantiferon-TB Gold) may be required.
9. Specialized Tests (Job-Specific):
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Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs): To assess lung capacity and function, often required for jobs involving respirators or exposure to dust/fumes.
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EKG (Electrocardiogram) or Cardiac Stress Test: For jobs with significant physical demands or certain safety-critical roles.
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X-rays: In some cases, a chest X-ray might be ordered.
